Cladogram sensu stricto

The tree is a pruned subset of the GBOTB.extended.WP megatree — Smith & Brown's seed-plant phylogeny (2018) with the pteridophyte clade from Zanne et al. (2014), assembled and dated by Jin & Qian (2022). It is time-calibrated, so every "million years ago" figure below is read off the actual branch lengths rather than invented.

• 319 genera were hand-picked for familiarity, then checked against the backbone. Anything not physically present as a tip was dropped rather than grafted on by taxonomy.
• Every family, order, and higher clade named in this game is monophyletic in the pruned tree — no group is shown that the tree itself contradicts.
• 86 of the 319 genera are not monophyletic in the backbone. Each is anchored at its largest single clade of same-genus tips, which is the honest reading: the genus has a core, and stray species sit elsewhere.
• Nomenclature follows the World Plants database, which is why the garden pea appears under Lathyrus and not Pisum.
• Dates are one published hypothesis, not settled fact. Deep nodes in particular carry wide confidence intervals that this interface does not show.

Smith & Brown 2018, Am. J. Bot. 105:302–314 · Zanne et al. 2014, Nature 506:89–92 · Jin & Qian 2022, Plant Diversity 44:335–339.